THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE IN EFL LEARNERS
Abstract
Pragmatic competence is a key component of communicative competence, referring to the ability to use language appropriately in various social and cultural contexts. In English as a Foreign Language (EFL) settings, learners often face difficulties in developing pragmatic skills due to limited exposure to authentic communication. This article explores the development of pragmatic competence in EFL learners by examining major influencing factors and effective instructional strategies. Using a qualitative literature review approach, the study highlights the role of explicit instruction, sociocultural awareness, and communicative practice in fostering pragmatic development. The findings indicate that integrating pragmatics into language teaching significantly improves learners’ communicative effectiveness and reduces pragmatic failure.
References
1. Bachman, L. F. (1990). Fundamental considerations in language testing. Oxford University Press.
2. Bardovi-Harlig, K. (2001). Evaluating the empirical evidence: Grounds for instruction in pragmatics? Pragmatics, 11(1), 13–32.
3. Kasper, G., & Rose, K. R. (2002). Pragmatic development in a second language. Blackwell.
4. Taguchi, N. (2015). Instructed pragmatics at a glance: Where instructional studies were, are, and should be going. Language Teaching, 48(1), 1–50.
5. Thomas, J. (1983). Cross-cultural pragmatic failure. Applied Linguistics, 4(2), 91–112.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Dilshoda Roxatova

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Litsenziya shartlari
Bu ish Creative Commons Attribution-NoCommercial 4.0 xalqaro litsenziyasi ostida litsenziyalangan. Ushbu litsenziya nusxasini koʻrish uchun http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ saytiga tashrif buyuring yoki Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, AQShga xat yuboring.
Ushbu litsenziyaga muvofiq, siz:
Ulashish — materialni istalgan vosita yoki formatda nusxalash va qayta tarqatish
Moslashtiring - remiks qiling, o'zgartiring va materialga asoslang
Litsenziya shartlariga rioya qilgan holda litsenziar ushbu erkinliklarni bekor qila olmaydi. Quyidagi shartlar asosida:
Atribut - Siz tegishli kredit berishingiz, litsenziyaga havolani taqdim etishingiz va o'zgartirishlar kiritilganligini ko'rsatishingiz kerak. Siz buni har qanday oqilona yo'l bilan qilishingiz mumkin, lekin litsenziar sizni yoki sizning foydalanishingizni ma'qullashini taklif qiladigan tarzda emas.
Notijorat - Siz materialdan tijorat maqsadlarida foydalana olmaysiz.
Hech qanday qo'shimcha cheklovlar yo'q - Siz boshqalarga litsenziya ruxsat bergan har qanday harakatni qonuniy ravishda cheklaydigan qonuniy shartlar yoki texnologik choralarni qo'llay olmaysiz.